Ketorolac (Tromethamine)
Ketorolac (Tromethamine) Information

About Ketorolac (Tromethamine)

Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is a potent NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). It inhibits cyclooxygenase actvity with reduction in the tissue production of prostaglandins such as PGE-2 and PGF-2a. Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is prepared by chemical synthesis and racemic mixture is used clinically. Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is ptrrolopyrrole compound with a cyclized propionic acid ring structure. Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is chemically related to tolmetin and zomepirac. It reduces fever and inflammation or swelling and relieves pain. Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is used to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis. Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is also used to treat headaches, muscle aches, dental pain and menstrual cramps.Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is available for oral, parentral and opthalmic administration.

Indications

Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is primarily indicated in conditions like Maintenance in schizophrenia and other psychoses, Moderate to severe pain, Ocular inflammation, Resistant schizophrenia, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Allergic conjunctivitis, Migraine, Short term managment of moderate to severe acute post-operative pain.

Contraindication

Ketorolac (Tromethamine) is contraindicated in conditions like Asthma,Hypertension,Hypovolaemia,Peptic ulcer,Rhinitis,Renal artery stenosis,Hypersensitivity,Dehydration,Hepatic cirrhosis with ascites,Coagulation disorder,Cerebrovascular hemorrhage.

Side Effects

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Ketorolac (Tromethamine), which give rise to further complications include Convulsions, Peptic ulceration, Peptic perforation, Renal impairment, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia.Ketorolac (Tromethamine) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include GI bleeding, Hypotension, Bronchospasm, Bronchospasm, Anaphylaxis, Laryngeal edema. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Ketorolac (Tromethamine) therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Ketorolac (Tromethamine) include Hypotension, Nausea, Convulsions, Coma, Blurred vision, Drowsiness, Headache, Epigastric pain, GI bleeding.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Ketorolac (Tromethamine) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Palpitation, Insomnia, Abdominal pain, Sweating, Dry mouth, Dyspepsia, Somnolence, Hypersensitivity, Rectal bleeding, Fluid retention, Chest pain, Asthma, Paresthesias, Pain at injection site, Dry mouth, Pain at injection site, dizziness, dyspepsia.

Warnings

Ketorolac Tromethamine should be used with caution in patients with history of hypersensitivity to aspirin or other NSAIDs, asthma, bronchospasm, pre-existing coagulopathy, angioedema, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, heart failure, liver disease. The dose should be reduced in elderly or in patients weighing less than 50 kg. All the patients receiving prolonged treatment should be routinely monitored for potential GI ulceration and bleeding. It is not recommended during pregnancy or lactation. IM injection should not be administered to the patient receiving Ketorolac Tromethamine.

High Risk Groups

Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.