Isosorbide (Dinitrate)
Isosorbide (Dinitrate) Information

About Isosorbide (Dinitrate)

Isosorbide (DinIitrate) is a vasodiIator used for symptomatic or prophylactic treatmentof angina pectoris and resistant heart failure. Administered as sublingually or orally.Chemically Isosorbide (Dinitrate) is identified as 1, 4:3, 6-dianhydro-D-glucitol dinitrate, the dinitric acid ester of isosorbide, which is a bicyclic ether derivative of glucitol. Isosorbide (Dinitrate) is prepared by chemical synthesis from sorbitol.

Indications

Isosorbide (Dinitrate) is primarily indicated in conditions like Angina, Chronic heart failure, Fluid and electrolyte loss in diarrhoea, Left ventricular failure, Long-term treatment of healed reflux oesophagitis, Moderate to severe reflux oesophagitis, Prinzmetal's angina, Prophylaxis and treatment of angina, Prophylaxis of angina, Prophylaxis of stress ulceration, Treatment of angina, Treatment of angina and left ventricular failure, Unstable angina, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Congestive heart failure.

Contraindication

Isosorbide (Dinitrate) is contraindicated in conditions like Hypovolaemia,Myocardial infarction,Cardiac temponade,Raised intracranial pressure,Low cardiac output,Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Side Effects

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Isosorbide (Dinitrate), which give rise to further complications include Hypotension, Restlessness, Hypotension, Syncope, Collapse, Decreased cardiac output, Paradoxical bradycardia, Pallor.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Isosorbide (Dinitrate) include Hypotension, Flushing, Tachycardia, Confusion, Palpitations, Headache, Syncope, Neurologic deficit, Increased intracranial pressure.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Isosorbide (Dinitrate) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Palpitation, Tachycardia, Urinary incontinence, Fecal incontinence, Orthostatic hypotension.

Warnings

Excessive use of isosorbide dinitrate may cause headache, so reduce the dose and use analgesics (painkiller). In terminating treatment of angina, gradually reduced the dose in order to avoid withdrawal reactions. Extended-release isosorbide (dinitrate) should be avoided in the patient with the GI disease such as the hypermotility or malabsorption syndrome, this dosage form may not be dissolved and may be excreted intact in these conditions. In making the decision to administer the drug during pregnancy, the potential risk to the fetus must be weighed against the potential benefits to the mother.

High Risk Groups

Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.